Alma 52:2 Textual Variants

Royal Skousen
and they abandoned their design in marching into the land [Northwards >% Northward 0|northward 1ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST]

Here Oliver Cowdery initially wrote Northwards in the original manuscript, but then he erased the final s (an immediate correction). The corrected reading in 𝓞 is consistent with all adjectives and adverbs ending in -ward(s) that specify a cardinal direction: 44 other occurrences of northward, 20 of southward, and 3 of eastward, but none ending in -wards.

There has been a similar tendency in the text for Oliver Cowdery to add s to the word forward (for discussion, see under 1 Nephi 8:30). The tendency to add the s may be prompted by the adverbial form towards , which is much more frequent than toward in the earliest text of the Book of Mormon (see the discussion under 1 Nephi 5:22).

Summary: Maintain in Alma 52:2 northward, the corrected reading in 𝓞; there are no instances of northwards (or the related directional forms eastwards, southwards, and westwards) in the Book of Mormon text.

Analysis of Textual Variants of the Book of Mormon, Part. 4

References