Verses 41 through 45 show the Lord’s lament for the New World branch of the house of Israel. Verses 46 and 47 return to the perspective of the entire vineyard. Before examining the New World, the Old World tree into which the gentiles had been grafted appeared to be laden with fruit, but the fruit was bitter. The New World tree that was planted in the good ground has become corrupt, with the previously fruitful branch dying entirely.
Before providing any hope, the allegory has the Lord of the vineyard consider the possible loss of the entire vineyard. That loss cannot be placed at the feet of neither the Lord of the vineyard nor his servant. Yet it happened, and therefore the lament: “who is it that has corrupted my vineyard?
The answer will not lay blame at the feet of any person, but rather on the nature of the world.