Isaiah continues to condemn Judah’s wickedness and pronounces Yahweh’s wrath upon them. Lamsa comments that “enter into the rocks, and hide in the dust” is a Middle Eastern saying meaning “Flee for your life, be ashamed and confounded.” He also adds the corroborating detail that “Palestine has many caves which are used as hiding places in time of war.”
Isaiah’s fluid passage between the past (sins) and the future (retribution) also continues in this verse.