Jacob's denunciation of the rich presages similar statements by Jesus. It both it is not the wealth (just as it is not the learning) that is the problem, but what can become of our souls and our relationships to others because of it. It is no accident that Jacob follows his admonition on the perils of learning with a similar admonition against the perils of wealth. Each are ways in which men seek to exalt themselves over their fellow men.
The rich might claim power and position on the basis of their wealth, and the learned on the basis of their knowledge. Neither is a sufficient reason to exalt oneself. For both the rich and the wise the lesson should be humility before God.