The change of by to of appeared first in the 1837 edition. Joseph Smith did not mark it in the printer’s manuscript. The agentive use of the preposition of is now archaic in English, but there are numerous examples of it in the King James Bible. In fact, the use of the preposition of in 1 Nephi 22:5 may have been influenced by the well-known phraseology of the following passage in the synoptic Gospels:
In the Book of Mormon, there are two other agentive examples involving the past participle hated, one of which takes of and the other by. In neither of these two cases has there been any variation in the textual tradition:
For other verbs in the passive, we have the following statistics in the original text:
| verb | by | of |
| despised | 1 | 3 |
| rejected | 3 | 3 |
| esteemed | 2 | 0 |
Thus both by and of are used as agentive prepositions in the Book of Mormon text. There has been no systematic attempt or accidental tendency to change any of these other examples.
Summary: Restore in 1 Nephi 22:5 the reading of the manuscripts, “hated by all men”; the 1837 change may be due to the familiarity of the King James phraseology “hated of all men” (found in the synoptic Gospels).